Reconsider the argument:
Prisoners that have been kept in solitary confinement consistently have higher recidivism rates (they recommit crimes upon release from prison). So solitary confinement (is bad for society since it) leads to recidivism.
Which of the following claims most undermines the reliability of the argument?
a. Because of different names of referring to solitary confinement, iIt is very difficult to track prisoners that have been housed alone to confirm recidivism rates.
b. Solitary confinement is especially tough on prisoners mentally and because of all the solitude, it weakens their ability to cope in society.
c. It is plausible that prisoners that are sent to solitary confinement are the hardest-case prisoners and were already the ones most likely to re-offend.
d. The sample of cases in which solitary confinement has been observed shows that in almost all prisons, the confinement cells are the size of a parking space.