LAB Assignment: Body Composition: Skinfold Method and BIA
Part 1: Skinfold Technique
Purpose
The purpose of this laboratory experience is to develop your skill in identifying and measuring skinfold thickness.
Equipment
• Skinfold calipers
• Anthropometric measuring tapes
• Surgical marking pens
• Body weight scale
• Stadiometer
Testing Procedures
1. Work in groups of TWO. One student will be measured, the second student will be the skinfold technician, and will record the skinfold measurements. After completing all measurements, rotate positions until all students have had the opportunity to play all roles.
2. Measure the client's body weight and height.
3. Follow the standardized testing procedures for skinfold measurements (see p. 239). Make certain all skinfolds are measured on right side of body.
4. Use the standardized anatomical descriptions for skinfold sites (see appendixes D.2 and D.3) to locate each site. Mark the eight skinfold sites with the surgical marking pen.
5. Measure the skinfold sites in rotational order. Take as many measurements as needed in rotational order to obtain two readings within 10% of each other. Average these two measurements.
Data Analysis
1. Select an appropriate skinfold prediction equation for your client (see table 8.3).
2. Calculate the client's body density.=1.059
3. Use the appropriate population-specific conversion formula (see table 8.2) to estimate your client's %BF from body density. Also, if the Jackson et al. (1978, 1980) skinfold equations are selected, use the nomogram (see figure 8.8) to obtain an estimate of %BF, and compare these two estimates of %BF.
7 sites = 17.4 BF%, 3 sites = 13.9 BF%```
4. Classify the client's %BF.
Data Collection Form for Skinfolds
Client's Demographics
Name _______________ Age _____32___ yr
Gender ____M__________ Race __________
Body weight ___80______ kg Height _174_____ cm
|
Skinfold sites
|
Trial 1
|
Trial 2
|
Trial 3 (if needed)
|
Mean
|
|
Chest
|
15mm
|
15mm
|
|
|
|
Triceps
|
20mm
|
20mm
|
|
|
|
Subscapular
|
9mm
|
9mm
|
|
|
|
Midaxillary
|
12mm
|
12mm
|
|
|
|
Suprailiac
|
25mm
|
25mm
|
|
|
|
Abdominal
|
15mm
|
15mm
|
|
|
|
Thigh
|
14mm
|
14mm
|
|
|
|
Calf
|
8mm
|
8mm
|
|
|
Skinfold equation _118_______________
Db = _____1.059____ g • cc-1
Population-specific conversion formula: ___(4.95/1.059) - 4.50= 0.174 ______________________
% BF = __17.4____ % all 7 sites
%BF = 13.9 % 3 sites (abdomen +chest+ thigh)
Classification = ___The category of the participate falls under the fitness stage _________
Part 2: Bioelectrical Impedance Method
Purpose
The purpose of this laboratory experience is to develop your skill in using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) for assessing body composition.
Equipment
• BIA analyzer
Testing Procedures
1. Follow the standardized BIA guidelines and testing procedures for BIA measurements (see pp. 249). Make certain all BIA measures are taken on right side of the body.
2. Use the standardized anatomical descriptions for locating sites for electrode placement.
3. Clean the electrode sites using alcohol pads.
4. Calibrate the analyzer before each test. Attach the red leads proximal to the black leads.
5. Take as many measurements as needed to obtain two resistance and reactance readings within 5 ohms. Average these two measurements.
Data Analysis
1. Select an appropriate BIA prediction equation for your client (see table 8.5).
2. Calculate the client's fat-free mass (FFM).
3. Calculate the client's %BF using the formula %BF = [(BM - FFM)/BM] × 100, and classify your client's %BF (see table 8.1).
4. If your analyzer also provides an estimate of FFM and %BF, record these values.
|
Bioimpedance measure
|
Trial 1
|
Trial 2
|
Mean
|
|
Resistance
|
|
|
|
|
Resistance
|
|
|
|
BIA equation ________________
FFM = _______ kg
% BF = _______ %
Classification = ____________
Manufacturer's equation ________________
FFM = _______ kg
% BF = _______ %
Discussion Questions
1. What are the potential sources of measurement error using the BIA method?
2. What was the difference in %BF using the population-specific BIA equation and the manufacturer's equation for estimating body fat?
3. Compared to the skinfold method, what are the advantages of using BIA?
4. Which BIA equations are programmed into your analyzer? When is it appropriate to use these equations?
5. What are the potential sources of measurement error when using the skinfold method?
6. Which skinfold site was the easiest and which was the most difficult to measure? Why?
7. If you used the nomogram for the Jackson et al. skinfold equation, how much did the %BF of your client differ from that obtained using the population-specific conversion formula?
8. What problems did you encounter when taking skinfold measurements?
Format your assignment according to the following formatting requirements:
1. The answer should be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides.
2. The response also include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student's name, the course title, and the date. The cover page is not included in the required page length.
3. Also Include a reference page. The Citations and references should follow APA format. The reference page is not included in the required page length.