Question 1 : Elderly patients who are started on levothyroxine for thyroid replacement should be monitored for:
Question options:
Excessive sedation
Tachycardia and angina
Weight gain
Cold intolerance
Question 2 : Potentially fatal granulocytopenia has been associated with treatment of hyperthyroidism with propylthiouracil. Patients should be taught to report:
Question options:
Tinnitus and decreased salivation
Fever and sore throat
Hypocalcemia and osteoporosis
Laryngeal edema and difficulty swallowing
Question 3 : Metformin is a primary choice of drug to treat hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes because it:
Question options:
Substitutes for insulin usually secreted by the pancreas
Decreases glycogenolysis by the liver
Increases the release of insulin from beta cells
Decreases peripheral glucose utilization
Question 4 : Hypoglycemia can result from the action of either insulin or an oral hypoglycemic. Signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia include:
Question options:
"Fruity" breath odor and rapid respiration
Diarrhea, abdominal pain, weight loss, and hypertension
Dizziness, confusion, diaphoresis, and tachycardia
Easy bruising, palpitations, cardiac dysrhythmias, and coma
Question 5 : Sulfonylureas may be added to a treatment regimen for type 2 diabetics when lifestyle modifications and metformin are insufficient to achieve target glucose levels. Sulfonylureas have been moved to Step 2 therapy because they:
Question options:
Increase endogenous insulin secretion
Have a significant risk for hypoglycemia
Address the insulin resistance found in type 2 diabetics
Improve insulin binding to receptors
Question 6 : Treatment with insulin for type 1 diabetics:
Question options:
Starts with a total daily dose of 0.2 to 0.4 units per kg of body weight
Divides the total doses into three injections based on meal size
Uses a total daily dose of insulin glargine given once daily with no other insulin required
Is based on the level of blood glucose
Question 7 : The American Heart Association states that people with diabetes have a 2- to 4-fold increase in the risk of dying from cardiovascular disease.Treatments and targets that do not appear to decrease risk for micro- and macro-vascular complications include:
Question options:
Glycemic targets between 7% and 7.5%
Use of insulin in type 2 diabetics
Control of hypertension and hyperlipidemia
Stopping smoking
Question 8 :Drugs used to treat diabetic peripheral neuropathy include:
Question options:
Metoclopramide
Cholinergic agonists
Cardioselective beta blockers
Gabapentin
Question 9 :The goals of therapy when prescribing hormone replacement therapy (HRT) include reducing:
Question options:
Cardiovascular risk
Risk of stroke or other thromboembolic event
Breast cancer
Vasomotor symptoms
Question 10 : Inadequate vitamin D intake can contribute to the development of osteoporosis by:
Question options:
Increasing calcitonin production
Increasing calcium absorption from the intestine
Altering calcium metabolism
Stimulating bone formation
Question 11 : The drug recommended as primary prevention of osteoporosis in men over age 70 years is:
Question options:
Alendronate (Fosamax)
Ibandronate (Boniva)
Calcium carbonate
Raloxifene (Evista)
Question 12 :In addition to methimazole, a symptomatic patient with hyperthyroidism may need a prescription for:
Question options:
A calcium channel blocker
A beta blocker
Liothyronine
An alpha blocker
Question 13 : When starting a patient on levothyroxine for hypothyroidism the patient will need follow-up measurement of thyroid function in:
Question options:
2 weeks
4 weeks
2 months
6 months
Question 14 : Treatment of a patient with hypothyroidism and cardiovascular disease consists of:
Question options:
Levothyroxine
Liothyronine
Liotrix
Methimazole
Question 15 : Men who use transdermal testosterone gel (AndroGel) should be advised to avoid:
Question options:
Washing their hands after applying the gel
Wearing occlusive clothing while using the gel
Exposure to estrogens while using the gel
Skin-to-skin contact with pregnant women while using the gel
Question 16 : A 22-year-old woman receives a prescription for oral contraceptives. Education for this patient includes:
Question options:
Counseling regarding decreasing or not smoking while taking oral contraceptives
Advising a monthly pregnancy test for the first 3 months she is taking the contraceptive
Advising that she may miss two pills in a row and not be concerned about pregnancy
Recommending that her next follow-up visit is in 1 year for a refill and annual exam
Question 17 : A 56-year-old woman is complaining of vaginal dryness and dyspareunia. To treat her symptoms with the lowest adverse effects she should be prescribed:
Question options:
Low-dose oral estrogen
A low-dose estrogen/progesterone combination
A vaginal estradiol ring
Vaginal progesterone cream
Question 18 :Ashley comes to the clinic with a request for oral contraceptives. She has successfully used oral contraceptives before and has recently started dating a new boyfriend so would like to restart contraception. She denies recent intercourse and has a negative urine pregnancy test in the clinic. An appropriate plan of care would be:
Question options:
Recommend she return to the clinic at the start of her next menses to get a Depo Provera shot.
Prescribe oral combined contraceptives and recommend she start them at the beginning of her next period and use a back-up method for the first 7 days.
Prescribe oral contraceptives and have her start them the same day as the visit with a back-up method used for the first 7 days.
Discuss the advantages of using the topical birth control patch and recommend she consider using the patch.
Question 19 : Women who are prescribed progestin-only contraception need education regarding which common adverse drug effects?
Question options:
Increased migraine headaches
Increased risk of developing blood clots
Irregular vaginal bleeding for the first few months
Increased risk for hypercalcemia
Question 20 : Oral emergency contraception (Plan B) is contraindicated in women who:
Question options:
Had intercourse within the past 72 hours
May be pregnant
Are taking combined oral contraceptives
Are using a diaphragm