1) Which marketing system is another channel development in which two or more companies put together resources to exploit an emerging market opportunity?
· Conventional marketing system
· Horizontal marketing system
· Strategic marketing system
· Vertical marketing system
2) What type of system does a firm employ to decide about the most critical decisions management faces?
· Pulling system
· Advertising strategic system
· Pushing system
· Marketing channel system
3) What type of marketing system includes the producer, wholesaler(s), and retailer(s) acting as a unified system?
· Triangular marketing system
· Vertical marketing system
· Horizontal marketing system
· Rectangular marketing system
4) When the number of intermediaries are severely limited, this means an
· strategic distribution
· marketing distribution
· inclusive distribution
· exclusive distribution
5) Which agreements are not necessarily illegal, but they do violate U. S. law if they tend to lessen competition substantially?
· Marketing agreements
· Tying agreements
· Promising agreements
· Loosening agreements
6) Which strategy uses the manufacturer's advertising, promotion, and other forms of communication to persuade consumers?
· Pull strategy
· Downward strategy
· Push strategy
· Upward strategy
7) What takes place when dealers purchase some or all of a product line?
· Full-line forcing
· Part-line forcing
· Half-line forcing
· Forcing by brand
8) What mode of entry is it when local and foreign investors share ownership and control?
· Direct investment
· Joint venture
· Foreign investment
· Sole proprietor
9) What form describes a buyer and seller directly exchanging goods with no money and no third party involved?
· Barter
· Offset
· Auction
· Sale
10) What type of distribution places the goods or services in as many outlets as possible?
· Selective distribution
· Exclusive distribution
· Intensive distribution
· Marketing distribution
11) Companies are pursuing which objective when they start with prices high and slowly drop them over time?
· Market skimming
· Market pricing
· Market tactics
· Focusing on market share
12) Which strategy is appropriate when there is low brand loyalty in a category and brand choice is made in the store?
· Side pull strategy
· Downward strategy
· Push strategy
· Pull strategy
13) Which companies have launched a website without any previous existence as a firm?
· Employee-centered companies
· Customer-centered companies
· Pure-click companies
· Brick-and-click
14) Which type of distribution relies on some intermediaries willing to carry a particular product?
· Selective distribution
· Planned distribution
· Strategic distribution
· Marketing distribution
15) What is a simple way to engage in international marketing?
· Licensing
· Travel abroad
· Cultural attainment
· Communications
16) What type of marketing channel consists of an independent producer, wholesaler(s), and retailer(s)?
· Horizontal marketing system
· Rectangular marketing system
· Vertical marketing system
· Conventional marketing system
17) What is the practice that allows companies to maximize their market share by believing a higher sales volume will lead to lower unit costs and higher long-run profit while assuming the market price is sensitive?
· Target pricing
· Market skimming
· Sensitive pricing
· Market-penetration pricing
18) What is an ultimate form of foreign involvement?
· Foreign trade
· Direct ownership
· Direct investment
· Foreign investment
19) When companies estimate the demand and costs associated with alternative prices, they will choose the price that produces
· maximum current profit
· break-even current profit
· negative current profit
· lowest current profit
20) What type of deal takes place when the seller receives some percentage of the payment in cash and the rest in products?
· Offset
· Free trade
· Compensation deal
· Barter
21) When a seller agrees to accept partial payment of products manufactured with the supplied equipment it is called
· trade agreements
· free trade agreements
· buyback arrangement
· price adaptation.