What was Plato's understanding of the cosmos (i.e. the heavens and the earth)? What aspects of this did Aristotle maintain, and what ones did he reject? Can you say anything about the later influence of Plato's cosmology?
How, where, when, and why did the science of the Greek world become integrated into the Arabic/Islamic world? Which aspects of Greek thought proved most appealing to Arabic-speaking audiences, and to which areas did they make the most substantial additions?
What were the similarities and differences between classical/Hellenistic Greek and Roman scientific thought and writing? What impact did this have on scientific knowledge in Europe after the fall of the Western Roman Empire?