1. Obtain the foundation drawings and soils report for a nearby building. Look first at the log of test borings. What sorts of soils are found beneath the site? How deep is the water table? What type of foundation do you think should be used in this situation (keeping in mind the relative weight of the building)? Now look at the foundation drawings. What type is actually used? Why?
2. What type of foundation and substructure is normally used for houses in your area? Why?
3. Look at several excavations for major buildings under construction. Note carefully the arrangements made for slope support and dewatering. How is the soil being loosened and carried away? What is being done with the excavated soil? What type of foundation is being installed? What provisions are being made for keeping the substructure permanently dry?