Response to the following multiple choice questions:
1. Having a deep understanding of research methods will be beneficial in_______.
Critically reading a research report
Analyzing research results
Evaluating the validity of the methods used to conduct a research study
All of the above
2. A characteristic of the scientific method is __________.
Data analysis
Theories
Variables
Empiricism
3. What benefits does the scientific approach have over other methods?
It is a method that tests ethics and beliefs to share with other scientists.
It is a method that involves gathering, evaluating, and reporting information in an objective way.
It is a method that involves observing the environment and critiquing observations in a scientific way.
None of the above
4. Scientific research includes four goals, which are_______.
To examine, predict, manipulate behavior, and explain
To observe, understand, observe changes, and predict
To predict, describe, determine causes, and understand or explain behavior
To describe, report, manipulate behavior, and observe behavior
5. Basic research attempts to answer questions involving_____.
Theoretical issues
Nature of human behavior
None of the above
Both A and B
6. A scientist was asked to conduct a study on aggression while driving. What type of research is this an example of?
Applied
Evaluation
Basic
Both B and C
7. A participant in a study may face all of the following risks EXCEPT_______.
Built confidence
Loss of confidentiality
Psychological harm
Physical harm
8. When researchers use deception, withhold information, and/or harm the participant, what must be done?
Additional research
Participant detox
Debriefing
All of the above
9. What type of experiment is the Stanford Prison Experiment?
Basic
Simulation
Role-reversal
Role-playing
10. Which of the following facts is TRUE?
The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services issued rules and regulations that must be followed when working with human participants.
If there is no risk in a research study, the study is exempt from an institutional review board review.
Federal funding for institutions must include an institutional review board.
All of the above.
11. What type of scale is utilized for the following variables? Explain your answers.
a. Social class
b. Popular songs on the Top 40 list
c. Intelligence scores
d. Newborns' low and normal birth weights
12. When is it appropriate for deception to be used in a research study? When is it not appropriate? How can the negative effects be mitigated?
13. Indicate the type of approach that would be the most useful for the following list of research topics and explain why:
a. Pushing ahead in a line
b. Daydreaming
c. Locating the most popular exhibit in a museum
d. Studiousness in college students
e. Determining if a patient has improved with therapy
14. Describe a matched-groups design.
15. Describe the issues with the following research conclusion: The correlation coefficient between variables X and Y = +2.3 which proves that X is causing Y.