Problem
As the administrator of a research-focused healthcare organization, you are part of a team that provides statistical consultation to providers and staffs conducting quantitative research. Your team has been approached by a community needs research group for guidance on the appropriate statistical test for four different hypotheses related to funding that will support stroke prevention interventions. Based on these hypotheses (four scenarios below) what statistical test will you recommend and why?
Scenario I
For hypothesis I, the researchers are interested in assessing the relationship between an outcome variable (continuous) and an explanatory variable (categorical) where the explanatory variable is binary. What statistical test will you recommend for them and why?
Scenario II
For hypothesis II, the researchers are interested in assessing the relationship between an outcome variable (continuous) and an explanatory variable (categorical) where the explanatory variable has three or more categories. What statistical test will you recommend for them and why?
Scenario III
For hypothesis III, the researchers are interested in assessing the relationship between an outcome variable (continuous) and an explanatory variable (continuous). What statistical test will you recommend for them and why?
Scenario IV
For hypothesis IV, the researchers are interested in assessing the relationship between an outcome variable (categorical) and an explanatory variable (categorical) where at least one of the variables has more than two levels. What statistical test will you recommend for them and why?