Problem:
Provide the apa citations for this response "Research over the past five years has highlighted the significant challenges faced by adolescents involved in or at high risk of entering the juvenile justice system, particularly those residing in urban, low-income communities. Educational Challenges: A study by Houchins et al. (2017) found that these adolescents often have lower academic achievement and higher dropout rates compared to their peers. This is due to a variety of factors, including school disengagement, lack of supportive services, and the disruptive impact of justice system involvement. Social Services Access: According to a report by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (2019), these adolescents often face barriers to accessing social services. These barriers include stigma, lack of awareness about available services, and systemic issues such as underfunded and understaffed agencies. Mental Health Issues: Research by Teplin et al. (2015) found that many of these adolescents have unmet mental health needs. The study found that while over half of the adolescents in the juvenile justice system have a diagnosable mental health disorder, only a small fraction receive appropriate treatment. Recidivism: A study by Baglivio et al. (2016) found a high rate of recidivism among these adolescents. The study suggested that this is due to a combination of factors, including lack of educational and employment opportunities, substance abuse issues, and lack of supportive social networks. Intervention Strategies: Research has also focused on effective intervention strategies. A study by Lipsey (2018) found that interventions that focus on skill-building, family involvement, and community-based services can be effective in reducing recidivism and improving outcomes for these adolescents. In conclusion, the literature suggests that adolescents involved in or at risk of entering the juvenile justice system face significant challenges in accessing quality education and supportive social services. However, research also points to promising intervention strategies that can help address these challenges.