Assignment:
Short Answer/Fill in the Blank: Type your answer in the blank, or in the space below the question. Use ONLY the textbook to create solutions in your own words.
1 The ___________________ is the variable that changes in response to the manipulated variable.
2 From left to right across a period in the periodic table, elements become less ___________ and more ______________ in their properties.
3 Francium has 36 isotopes, but only francium-223 occurs in nature. Francium-223 spontaneously emits particles and energy, so francium-223 is a(an) _____________ of francium.
4 Cooking requires continuous addition of energy to the chemical reactions that are taking place. The chemical reactions involved in cooking can be described as __________________.
5 The ________________ theory of matter states that all particles of matter are in constant motion.
6 A student balanced the chemical equation Mg + O2 → MgO by writing Mg + O2 → MgO2. Was the equation balanced correctly? Explain your answer. If the equation was not balanced correctly, write the correctly balanced equation.
7 On the periodic table, there are two numbers in the block for the element potassium, K: 19 and 39.098. What are these two numbers, and what do they represent?
8 Element X has five valence electrons, element Y has one valence electron, and element Z has five valence electrons. Which two of these elements are most likely to have similar properties? Explain your answer.
9 In Rutherford's gold foil experiment, some of the _______________ aimed at gold atoms bounced back, suggesting that a solid mass was at the center of the atom.
10 At sea level, water ______________ at 100°C.
11 John Dalton concluded that all the atoms of a single ______________ have the same mass.
12 What naturally occurring radioisotope is used as the fuel for a nuclear reactor?
13 In an experiment, if doubling the manipulated variable results in a doubling of the responding variable, the relationship between the variables is a(an) ______________.
14 You are given the melting points of three unknown substances and are asked to predict which one is an ionic compound. You would select the compound with the ________________ melting point.
15 A flight simulator that helps astronauts prepare for a shuttle launch is an example of a(an) __________________.
16 What are three common clues that a chemical change has occurred?
17 A cake rises as it bakes because a chemical change causes ___________________ to be produced.
18 In the symbol 4/2 He, the superscript 4 is the __________________ for helium, and the subscript 2 is the __________________ for helium.
19 Charle's law can be written as V1/T1 = V2/T2. Explain what T1 and T2 represent.
20 How do you know that magnesium is the more metallic element in the compound magnesium oxide, MgO?