Extension cords come in a variety of lengths and ratings. A cord with a 12-gauge copper wire will have a wire diameter of 2.053 mm, while a 18-gauge wire will have a diameter of 1.024 mm. The resistivity of copper is ρ = 1.68 x 10-8 Ω.m. Given that you want to use a 100-ft extension cord to connect an appliance to your household outlet of 120 V, answer the following:
a) What is the voltage drop across the 12-gauge extension cord if a current of 5 A flows through it when the appliance is turned on?
b) What is the voltage drop across the extension cord if the 18-gauge cord is used instead, with the same current being drawn?
c) How does using the 18-gauge cord in place of the 12-gauge cord affect the operation of the appliance? Be specific.