Question 1. Which of the following are required components of antioxidant enzyme systems?
Antioxidant minerals
Antioxidant vitamins
Phytochemicals
Gastrointestinal microflora
Question 2. Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding free radicals?
Free radicals are formed as a by-product of healthy metabolism.
Our body has no mechanism to combat free radicals.
Exposure to pollution increases free radical production.
Many diseases, such as cancer and heart disease, are linked to free radical damage.
Question 3. Taking Vitamin E supplements along with ________ can cause uncontrollable bleeding.
antidepressants
anticoagulants
cholesterol-lowering medications
oral contraceptives
Question 4. Diseases that cause the malabsorption of fat can result in a deficiency of:
Vitamin A.
Vitamin E.
Vitamin C.
Both answers: Vitamin A and Vitamin E.
Question 5. The doctor has recently told Julie that she is anemic. Julie should consume ________ with her iron supplement to increase its absorption.
a tablespoon of castor oil
a glass of milk
a glass of orange juice
scrambled eggs
Question 6. The retinoid that has the most important physiological role in the human body is:
retinol.
retinoic acid.
retinal.
beta-carotene.
Question 7. At what stage in the development of cancer is the DNA mutated?
Initiation
Promotion
Progression
Metastasis
Question 8. Which of the following organs is the site of dietary Vitamin D absorption?
Mouth
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Question 9. What is the primary reason why osteoporosis incidents in the United States are expected to increase?
Inadequate treatment options
Increased diagnostic tools
Increased longevity of the population
Decline in milk consumption
Question 10. Newborn infants receive a single injection of Vitamin K at birth due to the fact that:
newborns do not have enough bacteria in their small intestines to make Vitamin K.
breast milk is a poor source of Vitamin K.
the trauma of labor and delivery depletes the newborn's Vitamin K stores.
newborns cannot absorb any of the Vitamin K from breast milk or formula.