Glycolysis can be simplified as:
Glucose + 2Pi + 2ADP + 2NAD+ -> 2 pyruvate + 2ATP + 2NADH + 2H+ + 2H2O
a) Calculate the standard, biochemical Gibb's free energy of this reaction.
b) How much energy (work) is lost to irreversibilities in this process?
Hint: remember that DG = DH - T0Sgen
c) Assume that the metabolism of glucose to pyruvate does not generate ATP. How much useable energy (heat) is generated?
Hint: use the following reaction
Glucose + 2NAD+ -> 2 pyruvate + 2NADH + 2H+ + 2H2O
d) Using you answer from part c), calculate the maximum amount of ATP that could be generated.
Hint: ATP generation is ADP + Pi -> ATP + H2O
e) What is the efficiency of glycolysis in generating ATP (actual ATP generated over reversibly generated ATP)?