Part A -
1. During the sixteenth century, the city of Manila became a transpacific bridge from Spanish America to
A. East Africa.
B. China.
C. Indonesia.
D. India.
2. What was the main consequence of the defeat of the Turkish fleet at the Battle of Lepanto of 1571?
A. The Ottoman Empire lost control of Mediterranean trade.
B. The Ottomans intensified efforts to modernize their navy.
C. The Ottoman Empire formed an alliance with Spain.
D. The Ottomans increased their efforts to expand their European territories.
3. After Charles I was executed, Thomas Hobbes wrote Leviathan, wherein he defended a thesis. Which of these statements best summarizes that thesis?
A. Monarchies must be overthrown.
B. People are mainly good at heart.
C. Social order requires a social contract.
D. Individuals, on their own, must embrace liberal ideals.
4. In the 1500s, if you were searching for a sophisticated cosmopolitan urban center of learning in the Senegambia, you would have traveled to Timbuktu in the Kingdom of
A. Kanem-Bornu.
B. Mali.
C. Songhai.
D. Benin.
5. Crops that were transported to Europe in the context of the Columbian exchange included all of the following except
A. tomatoes.
B. corn.
C. potatoes.
D. wheat.
6. With respect to Akbar's rule of the Mughal Empire, which of the following statements is false?
A. Akbar actively recruited Hindus and Persians as officers of his empire.
B. Government officials rarely interfered with village life.
C. Akbar replaced Turkish with Persian as the official imperial language.
D. The imperial regime relied heavily on slavery.
7. Historians agree that the most advanced economy up until the eighteenth century was that of
A. Japan.
B. China.
C. India.
D. Arabia.
8. Montesquieu was to the idea of the division of power as Denis Diderot was to the
A. concept of Deism.
B. idea of tabula rasa.
C. Encyclopedia: The Rational Dictionary of the Sciences, the Arts, and the Crafts.
D. Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations.
9. Who were the ulama?
A. Sunni religious scholars
B. Shi'a bureaucrats
C. Shi'a slaves
D. Sunni mercenaries
10. All of the following participated in the partition of Poland between 1772 and 1795, except
A. Prussia.
B. France.
C. the Austrian Empire.
D. Russia.
11. In Russia, boyars were
A. Russians of Mongol descent.
B. officers of the Mongol Khan.
C. Muscovite Cossacks.
D. high-ranking nobles.
12. Ranking high as a historical coincidence, Francisco Pizarro landed on the coast of _______ on the same day that Atahualpa won control of the _______ Empire.
A. Peru; Inca
B. Mexico; Mayan
C. Peru; Cuzco
D. Mexico; Aztec
13. In 1525, Francis I entered into an alliance with the Ottoman Empire in order to
A. disempower the Habsburg Empire.
B. challenge Russian power.
C. control Mediterranean trade.
D. undermine the Treaty of Augsburg.
14. In Africa, the greatest obstacle to population growth was
A. warfare.
B. crop failure.
C. slavery.
D. disease.
15. Which statement regarding the Qizilbash is false?
A. They provided troops to the Safavid Empire.
B. They were granted large tracts of grazing land.
C. They were Turkish Sufis.
D. They provided the Safavid Empire with skilled bureaucrats.
16. _______ became the most important industry in the Spanish colonies.
A. Cattle ranching
B. Mining
C. Agriculture
D. Fishing
17. The Triennial Act, passed by the House of Commons in 1641,
A. extended the effective rule of Parliament for two decades.
B. addressed the rebellion in Ireland.
C. legalized the Atlantic triangular trade.
D. required the king to convene Parliament every three years.
18. During the fifteenth century, the status of women was highest in
A. Europe.
B. Southeast Asia.
C. China.
D. India.
19. The massive uprising of the serfs in 1733 upset the reform goals of
A. Frederick the Great.
B. Peter the Great.
C. Catherine the Great.
D. Emelian Pugachev.
20. If you were a European mariner sailing the Indian Ocean during the sixteenth century, chances are you were
A. Spanish.
B. Italian.
C. Portuguese.
D. Venetian.
250 words (about 8-10 sentences). Follow the rules of proper English grammar.
Which states were the centers of global trade prior to 1492? How did economic motives provide the impetus behind European exploration and expansion? What other motives were there? What inventions proved helpful? Who do you think benefited most from new global interactions?
Part B -
1. The purpose of the Great Exhibition of 1851 was to
A. grant rights to women.
B. show off British industry and inventions.
C. end the revolutions of 1848.
D. abolish slavery.
2. As an immediate result of the Battle of Trafalgar,
A. Napoleon's plan to invade Britain was aborted.
B. both the French and the British fleets were demolished.
C. the German states were reorganized in Napoleon's interest.
D. Sweden joined the European alliance against Napoleon.
3. The Mines Act of 1842 had the effect of
A. introducing steam-driven pumps in the mines.
B. ending child labor in coal mines.
C. weakening the concept of separate spheres based on gender.
D. prohibiting underground work for women and girls.
4. For the masses, which of the following statements about the significant consequences of the rise of science is false?
A. Faith in science completely displaced the importance of religion in most people's lives.
B. The methods of science gained great prestige and were seen as the only reliable path to verifiable truth.
C. As science progressively influenced popular thought, people came to view natural processes as determined by physical laws, not divine intervention or human will.
D. Daily life experience and exposure to media impressed people with the importance of science.
5. The Directory was created
A. by the Committee of Public Safety.
B. in immediate reaction to the execution of Robespierre.
C. following the period of Thermidorian reaction.
D. to extend the Reign of Terror.
6. By far the most brutal African colony was administered by
A. Germany.
B. Belgium.
C. France.
D. Portugal.
7. Among the factors that brought about European colonialism, which of the following supported concepts of racial superiority?
A. Social Darwinism
B. The machine gun
C. The introduction of the steam engine and the telegraph
D. Economic and trade opportunities
8. Regarding trade and social change in Africa, which statement is true?
A. The West Africa Squadron succeeded in obstructing about 30 percent of the African slave trade.
B. As late as 1750, Europeans viewed the slave trade as legitimate business.
C. The transatlantic slave trade coincided with a substantial decline of slavery within Africa.
D. The most important development in West Arica before European conquest was reliance on exporting salt.
9. The German Reichstag did all of the following after Bismarck's resignation in 1890 except
A. pass laws to aid workers.
B. pass laws that legalized socialist political activity.
C. yield central power to Kaiser William II.
D. establish the world's first social security system.
10. Had you been infected by romanticism in the 1790s, you would have
A. rejected the study of history.
B. learned Latin and Greek.
C. dismissed Voltaire's ideas.
D. embraced peasant life, folk tales, and nature.
11. During the international struggle over Saint Dominique, Toussaint L'Ouverture was made a _______ officer.
A. French
B. Haitian
C. British
D. Spanish
12. Under the Tokugawa peace, daimyo
A. castle building was encouraged.
B. social status increased.
C. were heavily engaged in foreign trade.
D. were prohibited from coining money.
13. Which of the following was the first western country to grant women's suffrage in 1914?
A. France
B. Norway
C. Russia
D. Prussia
14. In 1789, the National Assembly revoked the privileges of the aristocracy. This occurred in reaction to
A. the storming of the Bastille.
B. a peasant uprising.
C. discontent among the poor people of Paris.
D. Louis XVI's withdrawal of troops from Paris.
15. In the context of African and Asian resistance to European colonialism, the nonconformists who became anti-imperialist activists first were motivated by
A. the West's failure to live up to their liberal ideals.
B. the need to adopt Western technology.
C. the quest for economic justice.
D. the issue of human dignity.
16. In 1557, the third Dalai Lama accepted an invitation to visit with Mongolia's Altan Khan. As a result of that visit,
A. the Mongols accepted Buddhism but continued the practice of blood sacrifice.
B. Tibetan monasteries became Mongol castles.
C. Tibetan monasteries were moved to Mongolia.
D. Tibetan Buddhism became the official religion of the Mongols.
17. In the context of global migration, it often occurred that the movement of a business entrepreneur, a religious leader, or some admired person would encourage others to follow in what is called a/an
A. "follow-the-leader" pattern.
B. migration chain.
C. collective emulation.
D. emulation chain.
18. All of the following were factors favoring British industrialization, except
A. immediate or canal access to ocean ports.
B. increased agricultural production.
C. rising urbanization and higher wages.
D. a decline in domestic demand for manufactured goods.
19. After the defeat of Austria by Prussia in 1866,
A. Franz Joseph was forced to establish a dual monarchy.
B. Franz Joseph gave up in trying the "Germanize" the empire.
C. Conflicting nationalist interests were finally settled.
D. The Magyars became an oppressed minority in Hungary.
20. During the Industrial Revolution, in all countries, the impact of the railroads
A. caused domestic labor to be replaced with overseas slave labor.
B. caused domestic markets to be replaced by export markets.
C. increased the demand for unskilled labor.
D. decreased the demand for unskilled labor.
250 words (about 8-10 sentences). Follow the rules of proper English grammar.
What ideologies of change were spread by revolutionary France in the years 1789-1814? Who tried to suppress these new ideas? Why? What were the results? How did society change as a result of the French and Industrial Revolutions?
Part C -
1. Which of these World War II battles established overall equality between the U.S. and Japanese naval powers?
A. Battle of Leyte Gulf
B. Battle of Guadalcanal
C. Battle of Midway
D. Battle of the Coral Sea
2. In Australia, Governor Arthur Phillip moved the penal colony
A. from Port Jackson to Sydney Cove.
B. to Port Jackson.
C. from Sydney Cove to Botany Bay.
D. from New South Wales to Sydney Cove.
3. What was the immediate result of the Balkan Wars of 1912 and 1913?
A. The Ottoman Empire lost its last European territories.
B. The Archduke Ferdinand decided to visit Bosnia-Herzegovina.
C. Great Britain formed a defensive alliance with Russia.
D. Serbian nationalism was dampened.
4. While imprisoned, Hitler wrote Mein Kampf. In this work, he laid out his views on all the following, except
A. Aryan (Germanic) racial superiority.
B. anti-Semitism.
C. Germany's need for increased "living space."
D. an alliance with Italy.
5. All the following factors were associated with the March Revolution, except
A. the murder of Alexandra's advisor, Rasputin.
B. the abdication of Nicholas II.
C. the Duma's proclamation of a provisional government.
D. the arrival of Lenin in Moscow.
6. In 1938, British Prime Minister Chamberlain declared a final act of appeasement
A. immediately following the Nazi occupation of Austria.
B. after Hitler attacked Poland.
C. after Hitler's forces occupied the Rhineland.
D. when Hitler's claim on the Sudetenland was accepted.
7. The most important factor in drawing all of the Middle East into World War I was
A. the battle for Gallipoli.
B. the Ottoman Turks joining forces with Germany and Austria-Hungary.
C. the Arab revolt under Hussein ibn Ali.
D. the guerilla forces led by Lawrence of Arabia.
8. In the Soviet Union, which statement about the New Economic Policy (NEP) is true?
A. The NEP privatized heavy industry.
B. It established collectivized agriculture.
C. The NEP was popular, but it did not lead to economic growth.
D. It helped Lenin mollify the peasants.
9. Following the 1911 revolution in China, Yuan Shigai
A. divided the country among his warlord supporters.
B. brought democracy to China.
C. moved the capital city to Beijing for the first time.
D. established a dictatorship.
10. The 1911 revolution that overthrew the last Chinese emperor was carried out by
A. Chinese army officers.
B. Sun Yatsen.
C. a Western military coalition.
D. a peasant uprising.
11. Regarding the Ottoman territories during the period immediately following World War I, which of the following statements is false?
A. The British and French occupied the Ottoman capital at Constantinople.
B. In 1919, Mustafa Kemal began organizing Turkish resistance.
C. Defying Allied pressure, the Turkish sultan supported Kemal.
D. In 1921, Greek forces advanced almost to Ankara.
12. As a result of a dispute involving _______, Britain, France, and Russia began to view Bismarck's Germany as a threat.
A. Austria-Hungary
B. Morocco
C. Serbia
D. Algeria
13. During the nineteenth century, immigrants from India to the new world usually ended up
A. as indentured laborers.
B. as domestic servants.
C. panning for gold.
D. working on railroad construction.
14. In 1822, after Brazil achieved independence from Portugal, _______ dominated Brazilian society.
A. Pedro I
B. Creole elites
C. Pedro II
D. local warlords
15. Regarding Mexico's Porfirio Díaz, which statement is true?
A. He overthrew the Mexican Revolution of 1910.
B. He enacted laws that favored wealthy elites.
C. He reformed the hacienda system.
D. He freed many peasant farmers from debt peonage.
16. The Spanish monarch Charles III established Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador under the viceroyalty of
A. Bogotá.
B. Rio de la Plata.
C. Peru.
D. New Granada.
17. Mobilization during World War I was most extensive and effective in
A. Germany.
B. Great Britain.
C. Russia.
D. France.
18. During World War I, the people of China and Japan
A. strongly opposed the war on moral grounds.
B. supported the Central Powers.
C. didn't care who won the war.
D. supported the Triple Entente.
19. In India, the Great Revolt was initiated by
A. Hindu fundamentalists.
B. Indian peasant farmers.
C. a group of well-armed sepoys.
D. a textile workers' strike.
20. In Australia, _______ was the name given to ex-felons who had served their sentences.
A. internists
B. emancipists
C. parolees
D. exclusionists
250 words (about 8-10 sentences). Follow the rules of proper English grammar.
What were the causes of the Cold War? What were the consequences? In what arenas were these differences in ideologies play out? Where are these rivalries still evident today?
Part D -
1. Juan Perón was to Argentina as Augusto Pinochet was to
A. Brazil.
B. Venezuela.
C. Paraguay.
D. Chile.
2. In 2007, what incident led to Pervez Musharraf's fall from power in Pakistan?
A. The assassination of Benazir Bhutto
B. The international reaction to Pakistan's acquisition of nuclear weapons
C. The replacement of the chief justice of the Supreme Court with one of his political allies
D. The election of Benazir Bhutto's husband to the presidency
3. Indira Gandhi was soundly defeated in the Indian election of 1977. What was the most likely cause of her unpopularity?
A. Her appeasement of Sikh nationalists
B. Her efforts to deal with tax evaders
C. A massive sterilization campaign
D. Driving corrupt officials from government
4. In French-speaking Africa, which state adopted radical Marxism?
A. Senegal
B. Ivory Coast
C. Ghana
D. Mali
5. Regarding the Cuban Revolution, which of the following statements is true?
A. Castro rejected communism in favor of socialism.
B. The Bay of Pigs invasion forced Castro to implement peace negotiations with the United States.
C. As in the case of Stalin's U.S.S.R., Castro relied on a cult of personality.
D. Following the Cuban missile crisis, the United States and Cuba began diplomatic talks.
6. Since the stunning 2002 electoral victory of the Justice and Development Party (AKP), the people of Turkey have been concerned that the AKP will
A. restore Ottoman-style authoritarianism.
B. challenge Turkey's strict separation of church and state.
C. attempt to spread Turkish culture across the Middle East.
D. embrace radical socialism.
7. The Truman Doctrine was characterized by the concept of
A. universal sovereignty.
B. détente.
C. self-determination.
D. containment.
8. After Indonesia was declared independent in 1949, the first leader of that nation was
A. Susilo Yudhoyono.
B. a multi-ethnic congress.
C. Sukarno.
D. Suharto.
9. In 1957, the six Western European countries of the Coal and Steel Community signed the Treaty of _______ to create the Common Market.
A. Rome
B. Lausanne
C. Paris
D. Brussels
10. Racial tensions between Black Africans and White Colonists resulted in exploitation, resentment and protests in which African country?
A. Nigeria
B. South Africa
C. Mali
D. Senegal
11. In deliberations leading up to the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq, which member of the UN Security Council promised to veto any resolution that authorized an invasion of Iraq?
A. China
B. Russia Federation
C. France
D. Great Britain
12. In Egypt, what did Anwar Sadat have in common with Hosni Mubarak?
A. Both have supported Islamic extremists.
B. Both accepted Soviet aid to demonstrate Egypt's independence.
C. Both were hostile toward Israel.
D. Both were supporters of Israel.
13. Within Lebanon, Hezbollah can best be thought of as
A. the military arm of the Palestine Liberation Organization.
B. a militant Shi'a political organization.
C. a peace-seeking legislative faction within Lebanon's parliament.
D. anti-Zionist Sunni extremists.
14. When the Big Three met at _______, Harry Truman demanded free elections in Eastern Europe. Stalin's refusal was a factor in the emergent Cold War.
A. Tehran
B. Potsdam
C. Yalta
D. Berlin
15. Among the many Eastern European revolutions of 1989, the only violent, bloody revolution took place in
A. Romania.
B. Hungary.
C. Poland.
D. Czechoslovakia.
16. In 1964, a loose union of Palestine refugees led to the formation of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) under Yasir Arafat. What was the aim of the PLO?
A. Establishing Palestinian self-rule in their original homeland
B. Evicting Israel from Palestine
C. Driving Israel from East Jerusalem
D. Establishing a Pan-Arab League
17. After the death of Stalin in 1953, Nikita Khrushchev initiated a program of de-Stalinization. A foreign policy ramification of that program proposed an atmosphere of _______ with the West.
A. détente
B. peaceful coexistence
C. stabile relations
D. positive relations
18. The main factor behind recent civil wars has been
A. neocolonialism.
B. famine.
C. ethnic rivalries.
D. economic nationalism.
19. Demographic factors that contributed to the rise of the counterculture included all of the following, except
A. the postwar baby boom meant that young people made up a large portion of the population.
B. postwar prosperity meant that young people had significant purchasing power.
C. the use of LSD and other psychedelics led to widespread impulsive behavior.
D. mass communications and youth travel spread the counterculture over North America and Europe.
20. In the 1980s, as colonies gained independence, instances of terrorism
A. decreased.
B. increased slightly.
C. increased dramatically.
D. remained about the same.
250 words (about 8-10 sentences). Follow the rules of proper English grammar.
How have advancements in science, technology, mass communication and medicine changed the world? Provide at least three examples. In your opinion what was the single most significant event or invention in history? Why?