1. What are the problems with the ‘‘horizontal'' and ‘‘vertical'' solutions to the handling of multiple relationships as described in the chapter?
2. What expectation should there be for a database management system with regard to handling data control issues such as data security, backup and recovery, and concurrency control? Why?
3. What would the alternative be if database management systems were not designed to handle data control issues such as data security, backup and recovery, and concurrency control?