What do you meant by market-based and bank-based financial systems?
Market-based versus bank-based financial systems implications.
The presence of market-based and bank-based financial systems emerges by comparing national banking structures on the basis of:
1. Integration of commerce and banking that can operate either by banks’ ownership of commercial firms or through commercial firms’ banks ownership. Into the USA and the UK there is almost no integration of banking and commerce. Though in both Germany and Japan there is a close relation between firms and banks. The higher amount of information obtainable to banks operating into Japan and Germany– within comparison to US/UK banks – assists in monitoring the firms and therefore reducing the moral hazard difficulty. Moral hazard is one of the difficulties intermediaries face while lending and illustrates the risk (hazard) which the borrower engages into activities which are undesirable immoral for the lender after the transaction is created.
2. Integration of the provision of bank and non-bank financial services. Each of banks financial services consider as to traditional deposit-based lending, when non-bank financial services are which investment, insurance, underwriting trust and property facilities. A high level of integration characterizes universal banks of Germany, in opposition to the traditionally low integration into the USA and UK. However remember that the regulations of USA/UK have currently been reformed, and higher degrees of integration are at this time possible. The other countries, as like France and Italy, have restricted forms of universal banking.