Problem
Mathematics and gender. On average, do males outperform females in mathematics? To answerthis
Source: Bielinski, J., and Davison, M. L. ‘‘Gender differ- ences by item dif?culty interactions in multiple-choice mathematics items,'' American Educational Research Journal, Vol. 35, No. 3, Fall 1998, p. 464 (Table 1). Reprinted by Permission of SAGE Publications.
(a) Is there evidence of a difference between the true mean mathematics test scores of male and female eighth-graders?
(b) Use a 90% con?dence interval to estimate the true difference in mean test scores between males and females. Does the con?dence inter- val support the result of the test you conducted in part a?
(c) What assumptions about the distributions of the populations of test scores are necessary to ensure the validity of the inferences you made in parts a and b?
(d) What is the observed signi?cance level of the test you conducted in part a?
(e) The researchers hypothesized that the distribu- tion of test scores for males is more variable than the distribution for females. Test this claim at α = .05.
The response should include a reference list. Double-space, using Times New Roman 12 pnt font, one-inch margins, and APA style of writing and citations.