1. What do you understand by the term behaviour modification? Discuss, using examples, two of the four reinforcement strategies that underpin behaviour modification. Identify and evaluate any one criticism of this approach to understanding the ways in which humans learn.
2. ‘Whilst motivation is a key concern in organizations everywhere, the theories are largely developed from a North American perspective. So in examining them we must remember that they are subject to cultural limitations'. French, Rayner, Rees & Rumbles (2011), p.158. Assess the value of this statement with reference to any one model of national cultural differences.
3. With reference to either ‘social loafing' or ‘groupthink', discuss how groups in the workplace can be a source of negative synergy. Identify and discuss two ways in which such potential disadvantages of group working might be addressed.
4. What are the key elements in Fordist job design? Refer to contemporary examples in your answer. Identify and discuss three downsides of traditional job design.
5. Identify any three features of Weber's ‘ideal type' of bureaucracy. Show, using examples, how this type of structure can be viewed as a ‘double-edged sword' for organizations and their members.