Assignment:
Discussion:
1. a. What are the formed elements of blood?
b. There are five types of WBC classified as granulocyte and agranulocyte leucocytes: name these cells, give their % in the blood and state their functions.
c. What are the abnormal increases in the number of WBC and RBC called?
d. Give the range of % values for hematocr it in the male and female. What is responsible for the difference in the two values?
e. When blood is centrifuged, it separates into three layers: name these layers and indicate the cells and other materials found in them.
f. Blood types are classified under ABO and Rh groups. It is important to know who can donate to who and from whom a person can receive blood. Complete the following:
i. A person with type B negative blood can receive blood from _________________
ii. A person with type 0 positive blood can donate to _________________
iii. A person with type AB negative blood can receive blood from _________________
iv. A person with type B positive blood can donate to _________________
2. THE HEART:
a. Name the four cardiac chambers
b. Name the four cardiac valves and their locations
c. List the three cardiac layers/membranes
d. What are the major vessels of the heart, including the coronary circulation?
e. Name the different cavities in which the heart can be said to be located
f. Identify the following structures: chordate tendinae, papillary muscles
g. What parts of the heart represent its Apex and its Base?
h. List the electrical conduction system of the heart in the correct sequence: SA node, AV node, AV Bundle (Bundle of His), Bundle Branch and Purkinje fibers.
i. Know the major blood vessels of the heart - arteries and veins; including the coronary circulation.
j. Closure of which cardiac valves are responsible for die first and second heart sounds?
3. THE VASCULAR TREE:
a. List the structural differences between an artery and a vein.
b. Use the LIVER which is located on the RIGHT side to identify whether a blood vessel is right sided or left sided.
c. Name the vessels that return blood to the right and left atria and state the type of blood (oxygenated OR deoxygenated) that they carry
d. Name the vessels that take blood away from the heart and state the type of blood (oxygenated OR deoxygenated) that they carry
e. Know the arterial and venous systemic blood vessels of the abdomen
f. Know the blood supply to and drainage from the upper and lower limbs.
g. What is circle of Willis? List the arteries that are involved in its formation.
4. THE FETUS (FETAL CIRCULATION):
a. Do not confuse an artery for a vein based on color. Umbilical vein is a vein because it is returning blood towards the heart and it is colored red because it carries high oxygenated blood.
b. Know the difference between foramen ovale and fossa ovalis.
c. Know the difference between ductus venous and ductus arteriosus as well as their respective locations.
5. THE EKG:
a. Know what each wave represents and what takes place at these waves.