Van Frank Telecommunications has a patent on a cellular transmission process. The company has amortized the patent on a straight line basis since 2009, when it was acquired at a cost of 9 million at the beginning of that year. Due to rapid technological advances in the industry, management decided that the patent would benefit company over a total of six years rather thanf the nine year life being used to amortize its costs. The decision was made at the end of 2013 (before adjusting and closing entries).