An alien scientist from a galaxy in the star system Luepke has been able to directly measure the electrical potential required to transport a unit charge of divalent carbon ions from outside a human cell into the cell and finds it to be 4.10 μV. The alien also measures the value of the chemical potential of the carbon ion and finds it to be 0.520 J/kgmole.
Using these measurements, determine the amount of electrochemical work required to transport 1.00 kgmole of carbon ions across the cell membrane.