Two ideal polarizers A and B are aligned so that their transmission axis are vertical and horizontal respectively. Now, in this arrangement, no light at would make it through the 2nd polarizer. But if we insert a third polarizer between A and B, then some light will pass, depending upon the orientation of this third polarizer's transmission axis. So, let's say that this third polarizer is oriented with its transmission axis aligned at angle ? with respect to the vertical.
a. Assuming that unpolarized light of intensity Io is incident upon the first polarizer (Polarizer A), find an expression for the light intensity transmitted through the three polarizer sequence.
b. Find the angle ? that maximizes I (HINT: You'll have to take a derivative).