Level 3 Applied Science-
Task 1: Write up your investigation including the method, results and conclusion. Use the results to relate the structure of the cardiovascular system to its function.
Title: Measuring Cardiovascular Endurance
Introduction:
Aim: To investigate how the cardiovascular system responds to different levels of physical activity.
Hypothesis: Increasing the amount of exercise increases blood pressure and heart rate
List of equipment's: monitor for blood pressure, bench for step up, trainers and paper, pens to record the data.
Materials and method:
1. Firstly ask for volunteers to participate in this practical procedure to carry out a step up test
2. A 20 bench should be used for men and a16-inch bench for women. Step up to and down from bench at the rate of 30 steps per minute (every two seconds) for 5 minutes or until exhaustion. The same foot must start the step-ups each time, and an erect posture must be assumed.
3. Pulse rate is measured every 30 seconds after the test.
4. Take your resting heart rate then record the data.
5. Do activity for one minute.
6. Record your heart rate immediately after the activity.
Risk assessment-
Participants must remove any jackets or coats that they are wearing as this could form a potential hazard. They must also ensure all shoelaces are tied, and females would have to tie up their hair. Participants were also to ensure that their shoe laces were tied so that there is not a risk of tripping or falling when carrying out the exercise. The block being used in the exercise was also secured against the wall to stop it from sliding and thus preventing any form of injury occurring.
Results:
Table 1 Blood pressure and pulse rate readings before and after 5 minutes of exercise
|
|
Before exercise (step up )
|
After exercise(step up)
|
|
Gender
|
Blood pressure (BPM)
|
Pulse
|
Blood pressure(BPM)
|
Pulse
|
|
Male
|
127
75
|
75
|
158
85
|
113
|
|
Male
|
142
70
|
61
|
167
73
|
99
|
|
Female
|
132
67
|
125
|
144
71
|
139
|
Discussion:
The above result table shows that the blood pressure and pulse was measured on 3 different participants before and after the exercise (step up test). The readings of blood pressure have two different numbers. The top number always is the systolic blood pressure because it is the highest blood pressure when the heart beats and it pushes the blood around the body and the bottom number is the diastolic blood pressure which is the lowest number, when the heart unwinds between the heart pulsates.
Also, you can see males have high blood pressure before exercise (step test) which is 127 and the pulse of 75 is the lowest blood pressure. If anybody has a blood pressure is more than 120/80 however, under 140/90 it suggests that the blood pressure is normal but a little bit higher than it should be. Moreover, the pulse rate and the blood pressure before the exercise is lower, this could beon the grounds that, the body relaxed, there are no work out the exercise, while after the exercise it increased in light of the fact that you working out a considerable measure and you need a vitality specially for the cells need oxygen and blood so the heart blood pump quick to ensure each one of the cells around the body to get oxygen, blood and the oxygen construct level.
The blood pressure and pulse rate, expand after the exercise, this proposes that the rate of gaseous exchange increases because blood is being pumped faster. They need vitality to do the work such as exercise, so they need large amounts of oxygen and blood. Readings of after exercise (step test), males had a blood pressure of 158/85mm Hg and a pulse of 113. This time the blood pressure got higher because of the exercise.
This is because the results reflect upon the cardiovascular system, as the male is exercising after the step up which give more oxygen to the active their muscle. Also, there is a higher demand on the body, their body requires for the cardiovascular system to carry out the exchange of gases at a quicker and more efficient rate. Higher amounts of oxygenated blood are needed thus deoxygenated blood needs to be moved from the body back to the lungs at an equal place. An efficient cardiovascular system will carry the required oxygenated blood to the muscles and the deoxygenated blood back at the place needed to match the body's demands.
Conclusion : Overall, I think that they have different pulse rate and blood pressure relies on upon how fit they are -fitness level, are very few individuals do exercises each day, so when they do the exercise suddenly it might increase the blood pressure and pulse rate. The 3 peoples pulse rate and blood pressure is very low, then the after exercise for occurrence, female has a 156 /98 of blood pressure, this could be on the ground that the body is resting so it's lower. While the after the exercise pulse rate and blood are higher which would rely on upon their age, this result above is based on teenager so therefore it may impact on the blood pressure. The 3 peoples' has additionally had an impact, for instance, the males have a lower pulse rate of 75 and 61, while the female has a higher pulse rate of 125 which mean is higher than males'.
References.