The U.S. government collects hate crime data each year, classifying such criminal offenses according to motivation (race, religion, sexual orientation, etc.) and also according to race of the offender. The first bar graph compares proportions of crimes concerned with the victim's religion committed by blacks versus whites; the second one compares proportions concerned with the victim's sexual orientation committed by blacks versus whites.
a. Which crime motivation appears to be related to the race of the criminal: religion or sexual orientation?
b. One of the z statistics is 0.84 and the other is 4.9. Which one of these is the statistic for the difference in proportions of crimes concerned with the victim's sexual orientation (second graph)?
c. One of the P-values is 0.406 and the other is 0.000. Which one of these is the P-value for the difference in proportions of crimes concerned with the victim's sexual orientation (second graph)?