Medical Mycology -
1. The sexual gametes of fungi are
a. sporangia
b. gametangia
c. thallus
d. hyphae
2. Mild-to-moderate Histoplasmosis disease is treated with
a. Metronidazole
b. Amphotericin B
c. Itraconazole and/or fluconazole
d. All of the above
3. A soil mold that transforms into a yeast after inhalation into the alveoli and then spreads rapidly to skin causing cutaneous ulcers and abscesses:
a. Histoplasmosis
b. Blastomycosis
c. Coccidioidomycosis
d. Cryptococcosis
4. Infections caused by true pathogens that are restricted geographically are called
a. Opportunistic mycoses
b. Endemic mycoses
c. Subcutaneous mycoses
d. Superficial mycoses
5. An infection caused by a mold that localizes within the phagocytes
a. Histoplasmosis
b. Blastomycosis
c. Coccidioidomycosis
d. Cryptococcosis
6. Aspergillosis is an example of
a. Opportunistic mycoses
b. Endemic mycoses
c. Subcutaneous mycoses
d. Superficial mycoses
7. Which fungal pathogen causes chronic lymphocytic meningitis due to neurotropism
a. Coccidioides immitis
b. Cryptococcus neoformans
c. Histoplasma capsulatum
d. Blastomyces dermatitidis
8. The main clinical forms of Blastomycosis are:
a. cutaneous
b. pulmonary
c. disseminated
d. All of the above
9. A soil mold that transforms into a yeast after inhalation into the alveoli and then spreads rapidly to skin causing cutaneous ulcers and abscesses
Histoplasmosis
Blastomycosis
Coccidioidomycosis
Cryptococcosis
10. Which of the following designates a dermatophytic infection of the groin?
A) Tinea corporis
B) Tinea cruris
C) Tinea pedis
D) Tinea manuum
E) Tinea unguium
11. Histoplasmosis is an occupational disease among ------------ in the Mississippi river valley
A) Construction workers.
B) florists.
C) farmers.
D) Dairy maids.
E) veterinarians.
12. Only ______ and humans demonstrate the disease and harbor the fungus causing histoplasmosis.
A) aphids
B) spider mites
C) rats
D) bats
E) cats
13. Of all the fungi that cause disease in compromised hosts, none are as widely distributed as which of the following species?
A) Aspergillus
B) Candida
C) Pneumocystis
D) Blastomyces
E) Coccidioses
14. Fungi that infect outside layers of skin or hair only are classified as?
A. Superficial
B. Cutaneous
C. Subcutaneous
D. Systemic
15. Which part of the fungal cell should a drug target so as to cause the least amount of damage to the human host?
A. Cholesterol in cell membrane
B. Ergosterol in cell membrane
C. Nucleus
D. Proteins
16. Fungi that infect only infect compromised hosts are classified as?
A. Endemic
B. Opportunistic
C. Virulent
D. Systemic
17. Which of the following are true regarding Histoplasma capsulatum
A. Growth in soil stimulated by bird, bat dung
B. Is the cause of Histoplasmosis
C. 80% of people in Ohio, Mississippi River Valleys skin test positive
D. All of the above
18. Fungi that are localized and enter by skin trauma are classified as?
A. Superficial
B. Cutaneous
C. Subcutaneous
D. Systemic
19. Aspergillosis is an example of
A. Opportunistic mycoses
B. Endemic mycoses
C. Subcutaneous mycoses
D. Superficial mycoses
20. Infections caused by true pathogens that are restricted geographically are called
A. Opportunistic mycoses
B. Endemic mycoses
C. Subcutaneous mycoses
D. Superficial mycoses
21. A noncompliant HIV-positive patient has been complaining of a stiff neck and severe headache. His headaches were initially lessened by analgesics but they are no longer effective. He received a diagnosis of meningitis. What is the most likely causative agent?
A. Aspergillus
B. Cryptococcus
C. Candida
D. Sporothrix
22. A soil mold that transforms into a yeast after inhalation into the alveoli and then spreads rapidly to skin causing cutaneous ulcers and abscesses:
A. Histoplasmosis
B. Blastomycosis
C. Coccidioidomycosis
D. Cryptococcosis
23. A gardener presents with a subcutaneous lesion on the hand, which she thinks resulted from a jab wound she received while she was planting a thorny rose plant. The nodule has ulcerated and not healed despite use of anitbacterial cream. What is the most likely type of infection?
A. Dermatophyte infections
B. Blastomycosis
C. Sporotrichosis
D. Coccidioidomycosis
24. A component of the cell membrane of most fungi which are targteted by anti-fungals is
A. Cholesterol
B. Chitin
C. Peptidoglycan
D. Ergosterol
E. Keratin
25. A physician visiting a rural village in the deserts of the southwest United States, finds that many males are affected by a fungal disease characterized by a wide spectrum of pulmonary disease, skin and osteoarticular lesion, abcessses and meningitis. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Histoplasmosis
B. Mycetoma
C. Blastomycosis
D. Coccididiomycosis
E. Cryptococcosis
26. Superficial fungal skin infections and tinea versicolor are caused by
A. Malassezia
B. Sporothrix
C. Trichophyton
D.Histoplasma
E. Blastomyces
27. Candidiasis is a disease that can affect skin or mucous membranes as well as systemically. The important nosocomial pathogen which causes this disease is/are
A. Malasseziafurfur
B. Sporothrix schenckii
C. Candida albicans
D. Candida glabrata
E. Both C and D
28. The causative organism for geotrichosis, which is an opportunistic pathogen involved in secondary lung infections is
A. Fusarrium spp
B. Geotrichum candidum
C. Stachybotrys chartarum
D. Aspergillus flavus
E. Micrspora spp
29. Which of the following is an example of an airborne diseases
A. Aspergillosis
B. Tinea capiitis
C. Blastomycosis
D. Candidiasis
E. Geotrichosis
30. Mycotoxicoses are usually caused by eating poisonous or hallucinogenic mushrooms due to
A. Allergy to spores
B. hematologic damage
C. neurological damage
D. Severe asthma
E. Fungal toxins
31. Aflatoxin, a fungal toxin which is toxic and carcinogenic is produced by
A. A. fumigatus
B. A. flavus
C. A. niger
D. Both A and B
E. All of the above