The fruit ?y Drosophila melanogaster normally has a gray color. However, because of mutation a good portion of them are black. A biologist eager to learn about the effect of mutation wants to collect a random sample to estimate the proportion of black fruit ?ies of this type within 1% error with 95% con?dence.
(a) How many individual ?ies should the researcher capture if there is no information on the population proportion of black ?ies?
(b) Suppose the researcher has the initial estimate that 25% of the fruit ?y Drosophila melanogaster have been affected by this mutation. What is the sample size?