Each boy in a sample of Mexican American males, age 10 to 18, was classified according to smoking status and response to a question asking whether he likes to do risky things. The following table is based on data given in the article "The Association Between Smoking and Unhealthy Behaviors Among a National Sample of Mexican-American Adolescents" (Journal of School Health [1998]: 376-379):
Assume that it is reasonable to regard the sample as a random sample of Mexican-American male adolescents.
a. Is there sufficient evidence to conclude that there is an association between smoking status and desire to do risky things? Test the relevant hypotheses using α = .05.
b. Based on your conclusion in Part (a), is it reasonable to conclude that smoking causes an increase in the desire to do risky things? Explain.