Question 1: Research methods that predict behavior, but do not necessarily choose one causal explanation over competing ones, are called:
experimental methods.
single-blind studies.
significance tests.
descriptive methods.
Question 2: A researcher studies the history of a suicide bomber who attempted to blow up a police station. The researcher's goal is to understand the person's childhood or dreams that led to the person's behavior for becoming a bomber. This type of research is called a(n):
case study.
observational study.
correlational study.
survey study.
Question 3: Which modern psychological perspective is behaviorism a part of?
Biological
Cognitive
Sociocultural
Learning
Question 4: Tessa agrees to an evaluation designed to tap her unconscious feelings and motives. Tessa will be given a(n):
objective test.
projective test.
double-blind test.
single-blind test.
Question 5: Reliance on introspection got structuralists into trouble because:
Despite their training, introspectors often produced conflicting reports.
They failed to generate an intensive program of research.
They emphasized the purpose of behavior, as opposed to its analysis and description.
Trained introspection was rejected as being too objective.
Question 6: Which school of thought in psychology tried to explain how specific behaviors and mental processes help a person adapt to the environment?
Phrenology
Functionalism
Structuralism
Psychiatry
Question 7: To test whether people in bars drink more when they are in groups than when they are alone, researchers visited all the pubs in a city. They ordered beers and recorded observations on napkins and pieces of newspaper. Why did they keep their identities in disguise?
They were conducting a double-blind study.
They wanted to make sure the study had test-retest reliability.
They needed to determine the experimenter effects in the study at a later point in time.
They wanted the people they were observing to behave naturally.
Question 8: Dawn is systematically recording the naturalistic behaviors of kids in a nursery school, taking pains to avoid intruding or being obvious about what she is doing. Dawn is engaging in a(n):
Exploratory research
Observational study
Double-blind study
Experimental research
Question 9: Which of the following modern psychological perspectives most resembles functionalism?
Sociocultural perspective
Evolutionary perspective
Cognitive perspective
Behavioral perspective
Question 10: __________ had inferred that the brain is the ultimate source of all pleasures and sorrows long before it was verified, and he is now known as the founder of modern medicine.
Hippocrates
Wilhelm Wundt
Sigmund Freud
John Locke
Question 11: Hippocrates argued that the brain is the ultimate source of human pleasures and pains.
True
False
Question 12: The evolutionary perspective emphasizes the dynamics of the social and cultural forces that shape every aspect of human behavior.
True
False
Question 13: Cognitive researchers have been able to study the kind of "thinking" that goes on without awareness.
True
False
Question 14: The learning perspective of psychology emphasizes bodily events and changes associated with actions, feelings, and thoughts.
True
False
Question 15: Wilhelm Wundt, an American psychologist, was a popular functionalist.
True
False
Question 16: "How" and "why" an organism does something were the concerns of functionalists.
True
False
Question 17: Scholars of the past who wanted to understand human behavior relied on anecdotes and descriptions of individual cases.
True
False
Question 18: Psychology has been a science for more than 1,000 years.
True
False
Question 19: The likelihood of lying in surveys is increased when the respondents are guaranteed anonymity.
True
False
Question 20: Psychology became a formal discipline in the sixteenth century.
True
False