Term Translation or protein synthesis, is quite similar in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. We will look at the details of the process in prokaryotes and consider the differences in eukaryotes afterwards.
The process of translation can be divided into three primary steps: elongation, initiation, and termination. Each of these steps will be measured in turn. Initiation of translation in prokaryotes includes the assembly of the parts of the translation system that are: the two ribosomal subunits (30S subunits &50S), the mRNA to be translated, the first formyl aminoacyl transfer RNA the transmit RNA charged with the first amino acid and GTP as a source of energy and three initiation factors are IF1, IF2, and IF3 that help the assembly of the initiation complex.