A converging elbow (see Fig. P12.20) turns water through an angle of 135° in a vertical plane. The flow crosssectional diameter is 400 mm at the elbow inlet, section (1), and 200 mm at the elbow outlet, section (2). The elbow flow passage volume is 0.2 m3 between sections (1) and (2). The water volumetric flow rate is 0.4 m3 /s and the elbow inlet and outlet pressures are 150 kPa and 90 kPa. The elbow mass is 12 kg. Calculate the horizontal (x direction) and vertical (z direction) anchoring forces required to hold the elbow in place.
