Survey of Manufacturing : A usable product is manufactured in the following sequence.
Ore from Earth → Reducing processes → Molten metal → Commercial Castings → Ingots → Further Processes → Usable product of different shapes and sizes.
All these additional processes used for altering the ingots into usable products can be classified as follows :
1. Primary Shaping Processes
2. Machining Processes
3. Joining Processes
4. Surface Finishing Processes
5. Processes effecting change in properties