Instructions for Exercise:
Find an article in your area of interest that reports a prevalence rate and an article that reports an incidence rate.
Summarize the prevalence & incidence rates by describing the numerators & denominators (how was the numerator defined? What was the denominator that was used or the population that you are referring to). This should be in a Word document that also includes the references in Endnote format. Please provide a link to the reference or the actual reference.
If you want to provide incidence and prevalence rates on two different outcomes that would be fine.
Example:
Prevalence of Osteoarthritis
Prevalence of knee osteoarthritis in adults >60 years of age was 37.4% in 1991-1994 (1). These results were based on NHANES data from 1991 to 1994. NHANES is the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and includes a sample of the US population that allows for national estimates to be made. Cases were defined using non-weight-bearing radiographs that measured joint space and narrowing. The denominator was the NHANES participants but results were weighted for sampling and non-response to obtain the national prevalence estimates.
Incidence of Hip Fracture
The authors reported an overall incidence between 1993 and 1997 (5-year incidence) of hip fractures in Geneva Switzerland of 94.0/100,000 population (2).
- Numerator: They obtained the number of incident hip fractures by reviewing hospital discharge summaries from one Geneva hospital that more than 95% of hip fractures are referred to.
- Denominator: Population data obtained from the State statistical office, categorized in 5- year age intervals, sex, and postal code.
1. Lawrence RC, Felson DT, Helmick CG, Arnold LM, Choi H, Deyo RA, et al. Estimates of the prevalence of arthritis and other rheumatic conditions in the United States. Part II. Arthritis Rheum. 2008;58(1):26-35.
2. Chevalley T, Herrmann FR, Delmi M, Stern R, Hoffmeyer P, Rapin CH, et al. Evaluation of the age-adjusted incidence of hip fractures between urban and rural areas: the difference is not related to the prevalence of institutions for the elderly. Osteoporos Int. 2002;13:113-8.