Question: Smoking and survival. An observational study was conducted to examine the relationship between smoking and survival. Based on a survey conducted in Newcastle, United Kingdom, from 1972 to 1974, 1314 women were classified as either smokers or nonsmokers. In 1996, the researchers determined which of the women were still alive. The following table classifies the women by smoking status at the time of the original survey and by survival in 1996.
Smoker Nonsmoker Total
Alive 443 502 945
Dead 139 230 369
Total 582 732 1314
Find the expected count of women alive in 1996 for the smoker group under the null hypothesis that there is no association between smoking and survival in the population of women. Assume the sample was a random sample of women in England.