1. Sketch the variation of optical power with time for a digital NRZ bit stream 010111101110 by assuming a bit rate of 2.5 Gb/s. What is the duration of the shortest and widest optical pulse?
2. A 1.55-µm fiber-optic communication system is transmitting digital signals over 100 km at 2 Gb/s. The transmitter launches 2 mW of average power into the fiber cable, having a net loss of 0.3 dB/km. How many photons are incident on the receiver during a single 1 bit? Assume that 0 bits carry no power, while 1 bits are in the form of a rectangular pulse occupying the entire bit slot (NRZ format).