1. Read "The Lycurgan Reforms" (4-2e). What possible motives might Lycurgas have had in establishing his reforms? Why were Spartan boys treated this way? What are the possible positive and negative outcomes of such a formative education? How would such treatment be seen today?
2. Read "Opposing Viewpoints: Women in Athens and Sparta" (4-4). Does Xenophon view women as inferior or just different and what are the proper duties for women? How does he view the position of women in Sparta? What were the similarities of Athenian and Spartan women and what were the differences, and why?