Q. Illustrate Classification of Matter?
Pure Substances
In order to understand what a pure substance is, you must think of it on an atomic level.
Elements and compounds are pure substances. An element is a substance that is made up of only one type of atom. Gold, iron, and chlorine are examples of elements. Currently, there are 112 known elements. Of these, 88 occur in nature and are found in abundance on Earth, and the remaining elements can be synthesized in the laboratory by means of nuclear reactions.
Consider this caterpillar a molecule of an element. Although there are many segments, each part is the same. If we had a lot of these caterpillars put together, there would still be only one type of segment present. That makes it an element.
In contrast to an element, a compound is a pure substance that is composed of different types of atoms. In other words, compounds are composed of two or more different elements. The different atoms in a compound combine in specific ratios. The atoms from the individual elements loose their identities when forming the compound. In other words, a compound has properties different from the elements that comprise it.
Mixtures
A mixture is a combination of two or more substances. Unlike the elements of a compound, the individual components of a mixture retain their identities. A mixture can be described as bring either homogeneous or heterogeneous.
A homogeneous mixture has uniform composition throughout the mixture. A homogeneous mixture is also called a solution. A solution contains a mixture of two or more substances which cannot easily be distinguished from one another. For example, when you create a solution by dissolving sugar in water, it is difficult to distinguish the sugar molecules from the water molecules.