q general characteristics of elements of group

Question

Q. General Characteristics of elements of Group 13?

All the elements of Group 13 have similar valence shell electronic configuration of ns²np¹, but the underlying core varies. For B and Al, it is the preceding noble gas core, for Ga and In, it is noble gas plus d^l0 and for TI, noble gas plus 4f¹⁴5d¹⁰. This variation in the electronic configuration of the core is also reflected in the ionisation energies of these elements and has a strong influence on their properties.