Q. Effects of smoking on oesophagitis?
1. A decrease in pyloric sphincter pressure which may predispose an individual to duodenal ulcer.
2. An alteration in the nature of gastric contents - inhibition of bicarbonate secretion, decreased duodenal pH, acid secretary response to gastrin is increased.
3. Impairs the ability of drugs to lower overnight acid secreti0.n (cemetidine).
4. Impairs healing of wounds - favours ulceration of wounds leading to haemorrhage necessitating surgery.