Q. Besides vertebrates two invertebrate phyla contain species that make pulmonary respiration. Which are these phyla?
Terrestrial molluscs and the arachnid arthropods are the invertebrates that present pulmonary-like respiration, a few terrestrial molluscs have a mantle cavity filled with air that makes contact with richly vascularized tissues that work as rudimentary lungs besides their tracheal respiration some arachnids have book lungs thin folds resembling leaves of a book that make gas exchange.