Question: Maria manages a sales team and introduces a new commission system: anyone who exceeds their monthly quota by 20% receives a $1,500 bonus. Salesperson Derek discovers that his colleague Jun - who does the same job and has similar performance metrics - receives $2,000/month more in base salary. Another salesperson, Sofia, is frustrated because when she asked Maria to explain how performance ratings are calculated, Maria refused to share the formula or any criteria. The new commission system - clearly linking exceeding quota to a $1,500 bonus - MOST directly represents which component of Expectancy Theory? Expectancy (effort → performance) Valence (attractiveness of reward) Instrumentality (performance → reward) Goal specificity Equity ratio. Need Assignment Help?