1. Primitive traits are:
a. the same as ancestral
b. inherited by a group of organisms from a remote ancestor
c. traits that are not diagnostic of lineages that diverged after the characteristic first appeared
d. all of the above are true
2) Derived (Modified) traits are:
a. the same as primitive traits
b. inherited by a group of organisms from a remote ancestor
c. characteristics that are modified from the ancestral condition, and therefore diagnostic of particular evolutionary lineages.
d. a similarity between organisms based on descent from a common ancestor
3) Homology is:
a. a similarity between organisms based on common function (convergent evolution), without any
common descent.
b. the same as analogy
c. characteristics that are modified from the ancestral condition, and therefore diagnostic of particular evolutionary lineages.
d. a similarity between organisms based on descent from a common ancestor
4) Analogy is:
a. a similarity between organisms based on common function (convergent evolution), without any
common descent.
b. primitive characteristics
c. characteristics that are modified from the ancestral condition, and therefore diagnostic of particular evolutionary lineages.
d. a similarity between organisms based on descent from a common ancestor
5) Apomorphies are:
a. the same as primitive characteristics
b. inherited by a group of organisms from a remote ancestor
c. characteristics that are modified from the ancestral condition, and therefore diagnostic of particular evolutionary lineages.
d. similarity between organisms based on descent from a common ancestor
6) Pleisiomorphies are:
a. ancestral traits
b. derived traits
c. analogies
d. all of the above are true
7) Synapomorphies are:
a. shared derived traits
b. characteristics shared in common by two or more species and considered useful for determining shared
evolutionary history
c. the most important traits used to determine clades
d. all of the above are true
8) An Out Group is:
a. a species that is not a member of any clade
b. a population undergoing separate speciation from the other populations of that species
c. a comparative group from outside the clade used to determine which traits are plesiomorphies
d. unpopular members of your high school class.
9) A Clade is:
a. a group of organisms that share a common ancestor
b. all descendents of the same common ancestor
c. a category based on synapomorphies
d. all of the above are true