Pure Lead (density = 10, 500 kg/m3, and kinematic viscosity = 1.617X10-7 m/sec.) is poured into a sand mold. The metal level in the pouring basin is 200 mm above the metal level in the mold, and the runner is circular with a 12.7 mm diameter.
1. What is the velocity and rate of the flow of the metal in the mold.
2. Would the flow characteristics in (1) cause air entrainment? Explain;
3. Calculate the proper diameter to prevent air entrainment. Is the calculated diameter realistic? If yes explain if no say why and suggest a proper solution.