Planning the Nursing Care
1) Maintain hydration and electrolyte balance.
2) Administer accurate and adequate antibiotics drugs.
3) Prevent the spread of infection.
4) Maintain nutrition.
Maintain Hydration and Electroyte Balance
In case with dehydration intravenous dextrose with 0.45 per cent saline is given to replace fluids. N/2 in for Dextrose. Administer sodium bicarbonate as prescribed to combat acidosis. Mild cases may be managed with oral fluid and electrolytes.
Administer Adequate and Accurate Drugs Antibiotics
The antibiotic therapy depends on the sensitivity of the organism. The organism usually respond to ampicillin, Cotrimoxazole, nalidixic acid or tetracyclines, Antispasmodic drugs and sedatives are also given sometimes.
Maintain Nurtiition
Malnutrition should be corrected by giving adequate diet, additional vitamins and hematinics. Once patient enters convalescence, oral fluids e.g. weak tea, skimmed and diluted milk, curd, banana, buttermilk, bread, chicken soup, boiled potatoes, boiled rice and half boiled eggs should be added to the diet.
Prevent the Spread of Infection
Since this disease is highly communicable the patient must be isolated and isolation nursing techniques need to be followed in caring for the patient so that others can be prevented from illness. Care should be taken to maintain personal water and food hygiene and environmental standards.