C++ programming
Operator Overloading
Define a class for rational numbers. A rational number is a number that can be represented as the quotient of two integers. For example, 1/2, 3/4, 64/2, and so forth are all rational numbers. (By 1/2 and so on we mean that e v e r y d a y fractions, not the integer division this expression would produce in a C++ program.) Represent rational numbers as two values of type int, one for the numerator and one for the denominator. Call the class Rational. Include a constructor with two arguments that can be used to set the member variables of an object to any legitimate values. Also include a constructor that has only a single parameter of type int; call this single parameter wholeNumber and define the constructor so that the object will be initialized to the rational number wholeNumber /1. Include a default constructor that initializes an object to 0 (that is, 0/1). Overload the input and output operators >> and <<. Numbers are to be input and output in the form 1/2, 15/32, 300/401, and so forth. Note that the numerator, the denominator, or both may contain a minus sign, so -1/2, 15/- 32, and -300/-401 are also possible inputs. Overload all the following operators so that t h e y correctly apply to the type Rational: ==, <, <=, >, >=, +, -, *, and /. The main() should test your class and the functions.
Hints: Two rational numbers a/b and c/d are equal if a*d equals c*b. If b and d are positive rational numbers, a/b is less than c/d provided a*d is less than c*b. You should include a function to normalize the values stored so that, after normalization, the denominator is positive and the numerator and denominator are as small as possible. For example, after normalization 4/-8 would be represented the same as -1/2.
Filename: rational.cpp