Truck A has two single axles. One axle weighs 12,000 lb and the other weighs 23,000 lb. Truck B has an 8000-lb single axle and a 43,000-lb tandem axle.
On a flexible pavement with a 3-inch hot-mix asphalt (HMA) wearing surface, a 6-inch soil-cement base, and an 8-inch crushed stone sub base, which truck will cause more pavement damage? (Assume drainage coefficients are 1.0.)