Medical insurance status-covered (C) or not covered (N)-is determined for each individual arriving for treatment at a hospital's emergency room. Consider the chance experiment in which this determination is made for two randomly selected patients. The simple events are O1 = (C, C), meaning that the first patient selected was covered and the second patient selected was also covered, O2 = (C, N), O3 = (N, C), and O4 = (N, N). Suppose that probabilities are P(O1) = .81, P(O2 ) = .09, P(O3 ) = .09, and P(O4 ) = .01.
a. What outcomes are contained in A, the event that at most one patient is covered, and what is P(A)?
b. What outcomes are contained in B, the event that the two patients have the same status with respect to coverage, and what is P(B)?