Marcelo wonders if people masturbate because they do not have partners available to have sex with. He predicts that people having frequent sex will masturbate less, and that people who have less sex will masturbate more due to their %u201Cdeprivation.%u201D He creates a survey to ask people how frequently they currently have sex and how frequently they masturbate. He finds the opposite of his prediction! Marcelo%u2019s experience is an example of