1) Control of digestive activity can occur by which of the following mechanisms? (Check all that apply)
Local or paracrine hormonal secretion
Local neural signals from nerve networks within the submucosal layer
Distant neural control delivered via the parasympathetic vagus nerve
Endocrine signals triggered from distant tissues
2) Which of the structure: function pairs are correct for the layers of the tubes in the digestive tract? Click all that apply.
Submucosal layer: enables expansion (distension) and recoil of tube diameter
Mucosa: determines what specific substances are absorbed or secreted
Serosa: secretes thick mucus for protection
Muscular layer: enables mixing and peristalsis
3) Many of the tubes of the cardiovascular, respiratory and digestives systems contain smooth muscle as an important component of their walls. Which of the following are appropriate functions for the smooth muscle in the tube indicated? (Check all that apply)
Bronchiole: dilates to enable increased airflow to and from alveoli
Arteriole: constricts to reduce blood flow to non-active tissue
Stomach: allows mixing, churning and mechanical breakdown of food
Capillary: Dilates to enable blood flow to meet demand of active tissue
4) The motility and secretions of the stomach are influenced by all the following? Click all that apply.
Time of day
Composition of food consumed
Stress
Distention/fullness of the duodenum
5) Which of the following are true of vomiting? Check all that apply.
Helps prevent toxic substances from being absorbed in the Small intestine
Can be initiated by smells, hormones and contaminated food
Motility primarily through reverse peristalsis
Is controlled by a reflex centered in the brainstem