Machine state functionalists like Putnam maintain that the mind can be identified with a suitably programmed computer (or Turing machine). Searle employs the Chinese Room thought experiment to challenge this idea, and argue that formal symbol manipulation is neither necessary nor sufficient for understanding. Explain Searle's arguments for these interrelated claims. (Note that you may need to briefly explain what formal symbol manipulation is in order to adequately answer this question.)
~ 500 words response.