Job characteristics approach:
The Job characteristics approach theory of Hack man and Oldham states that the employees will work hard when they are rewarded for the work they do and when the work gives them satisfaction. Hence they suggest that motivation, satisfaction and performance should be integrated in the job design. According to this approach, any job can be described in the terms of five core jobs dimensions which are defined as follows:
1. Skill variety: the degree to which a job required a variety of different activities so that the workers can use a number of different skills and talents.
2. Task identity: the degree to which the job required completion of a whole and identifiable piece work.
3. Task significance: the degree to which the job has a substantial impact on the lives or work of other people.
4. Autonomy: to degree to which the job provides substantial freedom, independence and discretion to the individual in scheduling the work and in determining the procedures to be used in carrying it out.